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Did you know? VCS and color vision measurements are the earliest measurable effects of chronic exposure to many organic solvents, but the vision deficits and symptoms cannot be reversed by any treatment.

 
REFERENCES


OUR* PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS INVOLVING BIOTOXINS OR VCS:

1. Shoemaker R (1997). Diagnosis of Pfiesteria human illness syndrome. Maryland Medical J 46:521-523.

2. Hudnell HK (1998). Human visual function in the North Carolina study on Pfiesteria piscicida. For the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services and the North Carolina Task Force on Pfiesteria, Dean William Roper, Chairman, University of North Carolina School of Public Health. [US Environmental Protection Agency # 600-R-98-132].

3. Shoemaker R (1998). Treatment of persistent Pfiesteria-human illness syndrome. Maryland Medical J 47:64-66.

4. Grattan LM, Oldach D, Perl TM, Lowitt MH, Matuszak DL, Dickson C, Parrott C, Shoemaker RC, Kauffman CL, Wasserman MP, et al. (1998), Learning and memory difficulties after environmental exposure to waterways containing toxin-producing Pfiesteria or Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates. The Lancet 352:532-539.

5. Swinker M, Koltai D, Wilkins J, Hudnell K, Hall C, Darcey D, Robertson K, Schmechel D, Stopford W, Music S (2000). Estuary associated syndrome in North Carolina: an occupational prevalence study. Environmental Health Perspectives 109:21-26.

6. Hudnell HK, House D, Schmid J, Koltai D, Wilkins J, Stopford W, Savitz D, Swinker M and Music S (2001). Human visual function in the North Carolina Clinical Study on Possible Estuary Associated Syndrome. J Toxicol Env Hlth 62:101-120.

7. Shoemaker RC & Hudnell HK (2001). Possible estuary associated syndrome: Symptoms, vision and treatment. Environmental Health Perspectives 109:539-545.

8. Shoemaker RC (Hudnell in acknowledgments) (2001). Residential and recreational acquisition of possible estuary associated syndrome: A new approach to successful diagnosis and treatment. Environmental Health Perspectives 109:791-796.

*9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 1999). Notice to readers: possible estuary associated syndrome. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 48:381-382.

10. Hudnell, HK and Benignus, VA (1989). Carbon Monoxide Exposure and Human Visual Detection Thresholds. Neurotox. and Teratol 11:363-371.

11. Anger, W.K., Letz, R.E., Chrislip, D.W., Frumpkin, H., Hudnell, HK, Kilburn, K.H., Russo, J.M., Chappell, W. and Hutchinson, L. (1994). Neurobehavioral test methods for immediate use in environmental health studies of adults. Neurotoxicol. & Teratol 16:489-497.

12. Broadwell, D.K., Darcey, D.J., Hudnell, HK, Otto, D.A. and Boyes, W.K. (1995). Work-site neurobehavioral assessment of solvent exposed microelectronic workers. Am. J. Indust. Med 27:677-698.

13. Hudnell, HK, Otto, D.A. and House, D.E. (1996). The influence of vision on computerized-neurobehavioral test scores: A proposal for improving test protocols. Neurotoxicol. & Teratol., 18:391- 400.

14. Hudnell, HK, Boyes, W.K., Otto, D.A., House, D.E., Creason J.P., Geller, A.M., Darcey, D.J. and Broadwell, D.K. (1996). Battery of neurobehavioral tests recommended to ATSDR: solvent-induced deficits in microelectronics workers. Toxicol. Indust. Hlth., 12:235-243.

15. Hudnell, HK, Skalik, I., Otto, D.A., House, D.A., and Sram, R. (1996). Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children. Neurotoxicology17:615-628.

16. Camicioli R, Grossmann SJ, Spencer PS, Hudnell K, Anger WK. Discriminating Mild Parkinsonism: Methods Epidemiological Research. Movement Disorders (2001), 16: 33-40.

17. Schreiber JS, Hudnell HK, Geller AM, House DE, Prohonic E, Langguth K, Aldous K, Force M and Parker JC. (2002). Residential and day care exposure to tetrachloroethylene (perc) and deficits in visual contrast sensitivity. Environmental Health Perspectives, in press.

* Not our publication


SOME OF OUR OTHER PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS:

Hollins, M. and Hudnell, K. (1980) Adaptation of the Binocular Rivalry Mechanism. Invest. Ophthalmol. and Vis. Sci., 19:1117-1120.

Otto, D., Hudnell, K., Boyes,W., Janssen, R. and Dyer, R. (1988). Electrophysiological Measures of Visual and Auditory Function as Indices of Neurotoxicology. Toxicol. 49:205-218.

Hudnell, HK, Boyes, W.K. and Otto, D.A. (1990). Stationary Pattern Adaptation and the Early Components in Human Visual Evoked Potentials. Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol., 77:190-198.

Hudnell, HK, Boyes, W.K. and Otto, D.A. (1990). Rat and Human Visual Evoked Potentials Recorded Under Comparable Conditions: A Preliminary Analysis to Address the Issue of Predicting Human Neurotoxic Effects from Rat Data. Neurotox. and Teratol., 12:391-398.


Otto, D., Molhave, L., Rose, G. Hudnell, HK and House, D. (1990).Neurobehavioral and Sensory Irritant Effects of Controlled Exposure to a Complex Mixture of Volatile Organic Compounds. Neurotox. and Teratol., 12:649-652.

Hudnell, HK and Boyes, W.K. (1991). The Comparability of Rat and Human Visual Evoked Potentials. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 15:159-164.

Benignus, V.A., Boyes, W.K., Hudnell, HK, Frey, C.M. and Svendsgaard, D.J. (1991). Quantitative Methods for Cross-species Mapping (CSM).Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 15:165-171.

Otto, D.A., Hudnell, HK (1991). Problems in studying low level solvent mixtures. Arbete och Halsa, 35:35-38.

Otto, D and Hudnell HK. (1991). Acute effects of exposure to organic solvents: Experimental approaches and methods. Arbete och Hälsa, 35:35-38.

Otto, D.A., Hudnell, HK, House, D.E., Molhave, L. and Counts, W. (1992). Exposure of humans to a volatile organic mixture. I. Behavioral Assessment. Archiv. Environ. Health, 47:23-30.

Hudnell, HK, Otto, D.A., House, D.E. and Molhave, L. (1992). Exposure of humans to a volatile organic mixture. II. Sensory. Archiv. Environ. Health, 47:31-38.

Otto, D., Hudnell, HK and Prah, J. (1992). Methodological issues in human exposure studies of low level solvent mixtures. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 41:239-245.

Otto, D.A. and Hudnell, HK (1993). The use of visual and chemosensory evoked potentials in environmental and occupational health. Environmental Research, 62:159-171.

Skalik I, Kottnauerova S, Dvorakova D, Otto DA and Hudnell HK (1994). Verifying methods of studying neurobehavioral functions in children as presented in environmental studies - methodology of screening examinations: Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES). Czechoslovak Psychology, 27: 233-244.

Otto, D.A., Skalik, I., House, D., Tse, J. and Hudnell, K. (1996). Neurobehavioral evaluation system (NES2): Normative data from 2ND, 4TH and 8TH-grade children. Neurotoxicol. & Teratol., 18:421-428.

Dahl, R., White, R.F., Weihe, P., Sorenson, N., Letz, R, Hudnell, K, Otto, D.A. and Grandjean, P. (1996). Feasibility and validity of three computer-assisted neurobehavioral tests in 7-year old children. Neurotoxicol. & Teratol., 18:413-419.

Kelly, E.F., McLaughlin, D.F., Ross Dunseath, W.J., Folger, S., Jones, Jr., F. and Hudnell, HK (1996). Frequency-domain measurement of vibrotactile driving responses in first-order afferent populations. Exp. Brain Res., 109:500-506.


Bascomb R, Meggs W, Frampton M, Hudnell K, Killburn K, Kobal G, Medinski M and Rea W (1997). Neurogenic Inflammation: with additional discussion of central and perceptual integration and non-neurogenic inflammation. Env. Hlth. Perspect., 105:531-537.

Cometto-Muniz, J.E., Cain, W.S. and Hudnell, HK (1997). Human chemosensory responses to mixtures of volatile organic compounds: odor, nasal pungency, and eye irritation. Perception & Psychophysics, 59:665-674.

Geller, A.M. and Hudnell, HK (1997). Critical issues in the use and analysis of the Lanthony Desaturated Color Vision Test. Neurotoxicol. & Teratol., 19:455-465.

Mergler D, Belanger SB, Larribel F, Panisset M, Bowler R, Baldwin M, Lebel J and Hudnell K (1998). Preliminary evidence of neurotoxicity associated with eating fish from the upper St. Lawrence River. Neurotoxicology, 19:691-702.

Mergler D, Baldwin M, Belanger S, Larribe F, Beuter A, Bowler R, Panisset M, Edwards R, de Geoffroy, Sassine M-P and Hudnell, K (1999). Manganese neurotoxicity, a continuum of dysfunction: results from a community based study. Neurotoxicology, 20(2/3):327-342.

Baldwin M, Mergler D, Larribe F, Belanger S, Tardiff R, Bilodeau L and Hudnell K (1999). Bioindicators and exposure data for a population based study of manganese. Neurotoxicology, 20(2/3):343-354.

Beuter A, Edwards R, de Geoffroy A, Mergler D and Hudnell K (1999). Quantification of Neuromotor function for detection of the effects of manganese. Neurotoxicology, 20(2/3):355-366.

Bowler RM, Mergler D, Sassine M-P, Larribe F and Hudnell K (1999). Neuropsychiatric effects of manganese on mood. Neurotoxicology, 20(2/3):367-378.

Hudnell HK (1999). Effects from environmental manganese exposure: A review of the evidence from non-occupational exposure studies. Neurotoxicology, 20(2/3):379-400.

Hemple-Jorgensen A, Kjaergard SK, Molhave L and Hudnell K (1999). Time course of sensory irritation in humans exposed to n-butanol and 1-octene. Arch. Env. Hlth., 54:86-94.

Hemple-Jorgensen A, Kjaergard SK, Molhave L and Hudnell K (1999). Sensory eye irritation in humans exposed to mixtures of volatile organic compounds. Arch. Env. Hlth., 54: 416-424.

Engle LS, Checkoway H, Keifer MC, Seixas NS, Longstreth WT, Scott KC, Hudnell K, Anger WK, Camicioli R (2001). Parkinsonism and occupational exposure to pesticides. Occup Env Med, 58:582-589.


 
ChronicNeurotoxins, Inc.
500 Market Street
Pocomoke City, MD 21851
info@chronicneurotoxins


Privacy Policy | © 2002-2008 ChronicNeurotoxins, Inc.

Prior to launching a new version of this website in June, 2002, the earlier version had been online for about a year and a half. Over 3,600 registered users had taken the preliminary and VCS tests. About half of the test results were positive for potential chronic, neurotoxin-induced illness. We do not know exactly how many of those used our treatment protocol with their local physician, or the outcome for all that did. We do know, however, that many used the protocol with success, and that many others were successfully treated by Dr. Shoemaker or another physician.